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Gas cylinders will still be around for a long time

September 23, 2009

Is It The End For High-Pressure Gas Cylinders? | www.prlog.org

Supply of gases via cylinders is a well established technology which is highly regulated in basically every country (in the US by the Department of Transportation).  In addition there are well established standards by industry groups such as the Compressed Gas Association.The source material refers to supply of gases for chromatography via a generator rather than a cylinder.  In this relatively narrow application, the generator is viable and avoids capital costs associated with fuel cylinders.

Photocatalytic hydrogen production could be significant.

August 4, 2008

Catalyst heralded as solar-power breakthrough | www.nature.com

The catalyst uses cobalt phosphate.  Cobalt consumption should be small relative to US domestic consuption;  however the question of availability is valid. Cheap production of oxygen and hydrogen could be transformative.  The caution here is that production is at low pressure, so additional equipment would probably be required to boost the pressure to use conditions (and certainly if the hydrogen were to be stored.

Solar thermal makes sense

June 16, 2008

Calif. solar power test begins — in Israeli desert | www.msnbc.msn.com

High temperature solar thermal collectors make sense as drivers for conventional steam turbines or Stirling cycle engines.  Overall efficiencies of 20% are achievable and  the economics are becoming reasonable in regions of high insolation.  Numerous projects are on the drawing board in the US Southwest and there are a variety of companies building positions in this field.

Carbon Capture Enables Coal

April 8, 2008

Australia launches project to bury carbon dioxide | www.cnn.com

Carbon capture and storage (CCS) ultimately will benefit the fuels which produce the most CO2 per BTU, such as coal or petroleum coke.  It would enable coal to compete in a carbon tax or cap-and-trade environment. Higher CO2 concentration in flue gas makes CCS easier, so a concentrated carbon source plus a concentrated oxygen source is preferred. The rollout of CCS will take some time due to the need to improve economics and demonstrate the technology's effectiveness.

Ethanol is not Greatly Levered to Sulfuric Acid Availability

April 4, 2008

Sulfuric acid costs jump due to ethanol demands | www.midiowanews.com

Based on Iowa State data, Phosphorus fertilizer (which requires sulfuric acid) is 10% of variable corn production cost.  Nitrogen (at over 20% of variable cost) and diesel are bigger levers.  The phosphorus supply/demand balance is projected to ease (FAO, 2008), so it is unlikely that fertilizer availability will influence corn prices enough to influence ethanol economics.

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